Malnutrition is a common problem among hemodialysis patients.

Thoracic paravertebral block (TPB) can be administered for VATS (video-assisted thoracic surgery) method and often used for analgesic purposes and provides good results. Awake VATS (AVATS) has been increasingly employed in a variety of procedures involving pleura, lungs, and mediastinum.

Diagnosis of heart failure according to Framingham criteria which is: a) Major criteria. b) Minor criteria for establishing a definite diagnosis of HF, two major or one major and two minor criteria had to be present.